sanctity of contractcurrency conversionexchange ratestatutory instruments
Tags
contract lawcurrency conversionproperty sale
legislation
Statutes Cited
Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984
Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000
Investigatory Powers Act 2016
Human Rights Act 1998
European Convention on Human Rights (Art 6, Art 8)
Senior Courts Act 1981
Supreme Court Act 1981
Criminal Appeal Act 1968
Criminal Appeal Act 1995
Prosecution of Offences Act 1985
Prosecution of Offences Act 1996
Crime and Disorder Act 1998
Criminal Justice Act 1988
Criminal Justice Act 1991
Criminal Justice Act 2003
Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994
Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005
Terrorism Act 2000
Terrorism Act 2006
Counter-Terrorism Act 2008
Counter-Terrorism and Security Act 2015
Data Protection Act 1998
Data Protection Act 2018
Freedom of Information Act 2000
Official Secrets Act 1989
Interception of Communications Act 1985
Security Service Act 1989
Intelligence Services Act 1994
Justice and Security Act 2013
Constitutional Reform Act 2005
Courts Act 2003
Courts and Legal Services Act 1990
Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012
Access to Justice Act 1999
Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007
Civil Procedure Act 1997
Arbitration Act 1996
Limitation Act 1980
Prescription Act 1832
Foreign Limitation Periods Act 1984
Private International Law (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1995
Civil Jurisdiction and Judgments Act 1982
Civil Jurisdiction and Judgments Act 1991
Civil Jurisdiction and Judgments Act 1997
Civil Jurisdiction and Judgments Order 2001
Brussels Convention 1968
Brussels I Regulation (EC) No 44/2001
Brussels I Recast Regulation (EU) No 1215/2012
Lugano Convention 1988
Lugano Convention 2007
Hague Convention on Choice of Court Agreements 2005
Hague Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Judgments 2019
Rome Convention 1980
Rome I Regulation (EC) No 593/2008
Rome II Regulation (EC) No 864/2007
Rome III Regulation (EU) No 1259/2010
Maintenance Regulation (EU) No 4/2009
Succession Regulation (EU) No 650/2012
Matrimonial Property Regulation (EU) No 2016/1103
Property Consequences Regulation (EU) No 2016/1104
Insolvency Regulation (EC) No 1346/2000
Insolvency Regulation (EU) 2015/848
Service Regulation (EC) No 1393/2007
Evidence Regulation (EC) No 1206/2001
Small Claims Regulation (EC) No 861/2007
Payment Order Regulation (EC) No 1896/2006
European Enforcement Order Regulation (EC) No 805/2004
European Order for Payment Regulation (EC) No 1896/2006
European Small Claims Procedure Regulation (EC) No 861/2007
Mediation Directive 2008/52/EC
Legal Aid Directive 2002/8/EC
Consumer Protection Cooperation Regulation (EC) No 2006/2004
Unfair Commercial Practices Directive 2005/29/EC
Consumer Rights Directive 2011/83/EU
Unfair Terms Directive 93/13/EEC
Product Liability Directive 85/374/EEC
Package Travel Directive 2015/2302/EU
Timeshare Directive 2008/122/EC
Distance Selling Directive 97/7/EC
Doorstep Selling Directive 85/577/EEC
E-Commerce Directive 2000/31/EC
Electronic Signatures Directive 1999/93/EC
Electronic Commerce Directive 2000/31/EC
Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC
Privacy and Electronic Communications Directive 2002/58/EC
General Data Protection Regulation (EU) 2016/679
Law Enforcement Directive (EU) 2016/680
Network and Information Systems Directive 2016/1148
Cybersecurity Act (EU) 2019/881
Digital Services Act (EU) 2022/2065
Digital Markets Act (EU) 2022/1925
Artificial Intelligence Act (EU) 2024/1689
Copyright Directive 2001/29/EC
Copyright Directive 2019/790
Trademark Directive 2015/2436
Design Directive 98/71/EC
Patent Directive 98/44/EC
Biotech Directive 98/44/EC
Software Directive 2009/24/EC
Database Directive 96/9/EC
Rental Right Directive 2006/115/EC
Resale Right Directive 2001/84/EC
Enforcement Directive 2004/48/EC
Customs Regulation (EU) No 608/2013
Trade Secrets Directive (EU) 2016/943
Unitary Patent Regulation (EU) No 1257/2012
Unified Patent Court Agreement
European Patent Convention 1973
Patent Cooperation Treaty 1970
Madrid Protocol 1989
Hague Agreement 1999
Lisbon Agreement 1958
Geneva Act 2015
Singapore Treaty 2006
Trademark Law Treaty 1994
Patent Law Treaty 2000
WIPO Copyright Treaty 1996
WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty 1996
Beijing Treaty 2012
Marrakesh Treaty 2013
Berne Convention 1886
Paris Convention 1883
Rome Convention 1961
Geneva Convention 1971
Brussels Convention 1974
Washington Treaty 1989
TRIPS Agreement 1994
WTO Agreement 1994
GATT 1947
GATT 1994
GATS 1994
GPA 1994
SPS Agreement 1994
TBT Agreement 1994
Anti-Dumping Agreement 1994
SCM Agreement 1994
Safeguards Agreement 1994
Agriculture Agreement 1994
Textiles Agreement 1994
TRIMS Agreement 1994
Balance of Payments Agreement 1994
Regional Trade Agreements 1994
Dispute Settlement Understanding 1994
Trade Policy Review Mechanism 1994
plurilateral agreements 1994
ai analysis
Case Summary
Key Issues
{"issue_text":"Whether the principle of sanctity of contract should be observed","issue_type":"law","dispositive":"no","related_facts":"Contract clause 3.5, statutory instruments"}
{"issue_text":"Whether or not plaintiff can lawfully apply the interbank rate to enforce payment of instalments","issue_type":"law","dispositive":"yes","related_facts":"Clause 3.5(b), SI 33/2019, Finance Act"}
{"issue_text":"Whether or not defendant has paid for the purchase price in full","issue_type":"mixed","dispositive":"yes","related_facts":"Payment history, currency conversion"}
{"issue_text":"Whether or not defendant is entitled to transfer of the property","issue_type":"mixed","dispositive":"yes","related_facts":"Full payment claim, counter-claim"}
This summary was generated by AI. Use Zalari to read the full judgment.
background
Facts of the Case
Background
The appellant and respondent entered into a property sale agreement in 2014 for US$60,000 with installment payments. In 2019, the appellant claimed arrears of US$9,619.13. The respondent argued the debt converted to Zimbabwe dollars at 1:1 rate by operation of law and claimed to have paid in full, seeking transfer of the property.
Read the full judgment, get AI analysis, and find related cases